Commonwealth Games Federation president Mike Fennell said Osayemi had asked for her B sample to be tested and a hearing would be held later on Monday.
The Nigerian, 24, was named champion on Thursday after Australia's Sally Pearson was controversially disqualified for a false start.
It is the first negative test of the Games in Delhi.
The sprinter showed traces of a banned substance called methylhexaneamine, which has only recently been added to the World Anti-Doping Agency's prohibited list.
If the test is confirmed, England's Katherine Endacott, who finished fourth in the race behind Pearson and the Nigerian but was later awarded the bronze medal, would be elevated to a silver.
At the moment no decision has been made on the medals, pending the hearing.
The current silver medalist is Natasha Mayers of St Vincent and the Grenadines. If she were promoted that would be the country's second ever Commonwealth gold medal.
Punishment can range from a warning to a two-year ban, although the medal would be forfeited if the B sample proves positive.
XIX Commonwealth Games- Delhi
Medals table
Countries G S B Total
1 Australia 61 39 37 137
2 India 29 22 23 74
3 England 26 46 33 105
4 Canada 22 12 25 59
5 South Africa 11 11 9 31
END